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Brenner, Victor. Parameters of Internet Use, abuse, and addiction: The first 90 days of the Internet Usage Survey. Psychological Reports, 1997, 80, 879-882.

Morahan-Martin, Janet and Schumaker, Phyllis. Incidence and Correlates of Pathological Internet Use. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association. August 1997.

Scherer, Kathleen. College life online: Healthy and unhealthy Internet use. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association. August 1997.
: What is "Normal" Internet Use? Leonard Holmes, Ph.D. http://mentalhealth.about.com
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